Microeconomic policies– in particular, industrial and innovation policies– are appraised and enforced within the framework of the rules relative to free movement and competition. This book introduces the current wave of innovative industrial policies in France. By giving a historical context to their development, the evolution of key economic concepts and theories are put into perspective. In addition, with the aim of articulating horizontal and vertical interventions, this book analyzes the difficulties for public authorities when it comes to linking these matrix policies.
Joel-Thomas RAVIX is Professor of Economics at the University of Cote d?Azur and Member of the GREDEG-CNRS (Research Group in Law, Economics and Management), France. Marc DESCHAMPS is Associate Professor in Economics at the University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comte and Member of CRESE (Economic Strategies Research Center) in Besancon, France. He is also Associate Member of BETA-CNRS and Affiliated Member of OFCE-Sciences Po.
Acknowledgements vii
Introduction ix
Chapter 1. Industrial Policy and Competition1
1.1. The State and industrial policy 7
1.1.1. The State organizing the economy 8
1.1.2. Challenging the economic role of the State 16
1.2. Competition policy as the area of public action 19
1.2.1. Control of the market architecture 21
1.2.2. Monitoring the functioning of markets 38
1.3. Conclusion 50
Chapter 2. Competition and Innovation Policy53
2.1. The renewal of the framework of thought 54
2.1.1. A new competitive economics 55
2.1.2. The geography of innovation 60
2.1.3. Innovation and competition policy: the Lisbon strategy 65
2.2. Innovation policy as a new industrial policy 69
2.2.1. Innovation and territory: competitiveness clusters 70
2.2.2. A new institutional framework for innovation 76
2.2.3. Support for innovative SMEs 78
2.3. The ambiguities of the new industrial policy 81
2.3.1. The logic of agglomeration 82
2.3.2. The logic of development 84
2.3.3. A new mode of governance 85
2.4. TheProgramme dinvestissement davenir(PIA) 87
2.4.1. The logic of the Juppé-Rocard report 88
2.4.2. The PIA architecture 91
2.4.3. The link between the PIA and the competitiveness clusters 93
2.5. Conclusion 95
Chapter 3. Reindustrialization Through Innovation 97
3.1. The affirmation of an industrial ambition 100
3.1.1. A new concern: industry 101
3.1.2. The return of the sector concept 104
3.2. The nature of the industry 107
3.2.1. Problems in defining the industry 109
3.2.2. The question of industrial organization 115
3.3. Towards a renewal of State intervention 122
3.3.1. The new virtues of industrial policy 123
3.3.2. Rediscovering the argument for infant industry 126
3.4. Conclusion 129
Conclusion 133
References 145
Index 161
