World War I or the Great War, as it was called then, eventually ended with the signing of the Paris Treaties in 1919 1920. Often forgotten, all treaties contained military clauses which dealt extensively with the respective armed forces of the Allies former enemies. These clauses were a new development in the history of peacemaking. However fiercely states had fought each other before and however severe the respective treaties had been for the defeated, they had never included restrictions for the latters military. Shohei Abe (Japan), Dirk Bönker (USA), Dalidor Denda (Serbia), James Goldrick (Australia), Roman Kochnowski (Poland), Nicola Labanca (Italy), Andrew Lambert (United Kingodom), Christian Ortner (Austria), Markus Pöhlmann (Germany), Thean Potgieter (South Africa), and Carmen Sorina Rijnoveanu (Romania) deal with the impact of these clauses on the military of the defeated nations as well as the lessons learnt from the experiences of the Great War both by the defeated and the victorious armies.