This book analyses the effects of technological development, innovation, entrepreneurship and governance in middle income countries, such as Turkey, in detail. How to best practise innovation and entrepreneurship, which many researchers and policy makers believe to be the main drivers of economic growth and development, has become a fiercely-debated topic. The contributors to this volume consider economic, social and institutional dimensions of innovative thinking, entrepreneurial activity and governance, and investigate both theoretically and empirically how these factors should contribute to the uptake of new technology and the global performance of middle income countries. By offering country specific examples, and by comparing high income and middle income countries, this edited collection presents a comprehensive analysis of innovation, entrepreneurial growth and development outside the vacuum of high income economies, which has traditionally received substantially more scholarly attention.

Sefer ener is Professor and Head of the Department of Technology and Industry, Istanbul University, Turkey. Through visits to the United States and Europe, ener has deepened his understanding of economic integration and innovation, and their potential effect on the Turkish economy including its technology, innovation and entrepreneurial standards. He is co-organiser of the International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation, held every two years in Istanbul.

Stefan Schepers is Secretary General of the High Level Group on Innovation Policy Management, Brussels, and Visiting Professor at Henley Business School, University of Reading, UK. Stefan was formerly Director General of the European Institute of Public Administration in Maastricht, The Netherlands. He is currently Chairman of EPPA, a management consultancy specialising in businessgovernmentsociety interaction, a member of the Senate of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts, Austria, and a Scholar at the Montesquieu Forum, France. He has published on management and EU affairs, and recently co-edited Rethinking the Future of Europe (2014) andRevolutionising EU Innovation Policy (2016).

Chapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Innovation Ecosystem Development: A Necessary Instrument to Escape the Mid-Income Trap.- Chapter 3. Is Innovation Conducive to Economic Growth? The Case of Central and Eastern European Countries.- Chapter 4. On the Dynamic Function of Innovative Entrepreneurship in Evolutionary Economics For Middle Income Countries.- Chapter 5. Collaborative Governance: Working Through Misaligned Interests.- Chapter 6. Entrepreneurship and Ethics: Examples of Social Entrepreneurship in Turkey and Selected Middle Income Countries.- Chapter 7. An Empirical Analysis of the Macroeconomic Dynamics of Innovation.- Chapter 8. The Importance of Innovation and Innovation in SMEs: The Turkey Experience.- Chapter 9. A Design of Innovative School: Learning School, Educational Leadership and School Development.- Chapter 10. Effects of Innovation and Financial Performance on Companies in Middle Income European Countries.- Chapter 11. SWOT Analysis of the Turkish Economy in the Context of Innovativeness with the Eye of the Business World, Academics, and Government Executives: A Comparative Analysis of Middle Income Countries in Terms of their Innovation Capacities.