This StadiumATLAS is a building-type planning guide for the construction of spectator stands in modern sports and event complexes. A methodological comparison of the venues of the FIFA World Cup 2006 in Germany continues into a catalogue of "Technical recommendations and requirements" for the new erection or the modernization of multi-functional sports arenas on the basis of current European building regulations. The main focus lies on all essential and relevant aspects of planning and developing future concepts for the construction of grandstands. Requirements for the building type of "gathering space" have changed significantly within the course of the last decades. Achieving higher convenience for spectators and a better commercial exploitation have become guiding principles for the design of new sports complexes. In this handbook, the principles of building regulations and the guidelines of important sports associations are analyzed and interrelated in order to clarify dependencies and enable critical conclusions on the respective regulations. The StadiumATLAS aims to illustrate the constructional and geometrical effects of certain specifications and to facilitate decision-making for planners and clients regarding important parameters of stadium design.

InhaltsangabeA HISTORY OF STADIUM CONSTRUCTION A brief historical survey of building typologies and definitions of terms PRELIMINARY PLANNING A general overview of the measures to be taken in the run-up of constructing a sports and event venue ORGANIZATION OF USE Determination of user groups and safety aspects related to a sports complex AUDITORIUM A definiton of all planning parameters relevant for a grandstand structure VIP AREAS & CORPORATE HOSPITALITY Different concepts of hospitality and the special function of executive lounges and boxes STADIUM CATERING Concepts of culinary service for spectators MEDIA FACILITIES Working areas and requirements of the media and press PLAYERS' AREA AND CHANGING ROOM Facilities for players, referees and team officials STADIUM ADMINISTRATION Essential functional rooms such as stadium control room and other ancillary rooms PLANNING PRINCIPLES A listing of essential regulations and recommendations for the construction of spectator facilities PREDIMENSIONING AND CIRCULATION Shedding light on the relationship between circulation systems and holding capacity THE MODULOR "EN" The definiton of a typical stadium spectator as an anthropometric minimum standard and contractually binding reference size for the planning and construction of spectator stands PHYSIOLOGY OF VIEWING An evaluation of visual acuity, spatial perception and visual angle zones based on an examination of the human eye LAYOUT TYPES AND UNDULATION Defining geometrical families and explaining the geometrical context of ground plans and of inclination profiles for grandstands PRINCIPLES OF SIGHTLINE CALCULATION A methodical approach to determine optimized sightline profiles for places of congregation INCLINATION AND "POLYGONAL TRANSFORMATION" The optimization of viewing conditions by means of maximum slope and "polygonal transformation" of an eye-point curve PARAMETER STUDIES Geometrical relations between the sightline parameters eye-point height, tread width, C value and distance of the "first row" PLAYING FIELDS A summary of the major sports types and relevant dimensions as a means to determine the minimum distance of a grandstand SECURING OF THE PLAYING FIELD The role of the "first row" and securing of the stadium interior toward the grandstand ADAPTABLE STADIA Structural conversion of modern sports and event facilities in the light of multifunctional utilization LIGHT AND ARCHITECTURE Light orchestration and media-compatible floodlightning for event venues NATURAL VERSUS ARTIFICIAL TURF Shedding light on a question of faith and the current technological status of developments for the playing field THE PLANNING OF SIGNIFICANT ROOF STRUCTURES An overview of structural systems for fast orientation GRANDSTAND PROFILES OF BUILT EXAMPLES A comparison of the stadia for FIFA World Cup 2006 (TM)in Germany FINAL EVALUATION AND COMPENDIUM An assessment summary of the twelve German World Cup stadia and selected stadia in Korea/Japan, Portugal. Austria/Switzerland, South Africa APPENDIX

A HISTORY OF STADIUM CONSTRUCTION A brief historical survey of building typologies and definitions of terms PRELIMINARY PLANNING A general overview of the measures to be taken in the run-up of constructing a sports and event venue ORGANIZATION OF USE Determination of user groups and safety aspects related to a sports complex AUDITORIUM A definiton of all planning parameters relevant for a grandstand structure VIP AREAS & CORPORATE HOSPITALITY Different concepts of hospitality and the special function of executive lounges and boxes STADIUM CATERING Concepts of culinary service for spectators MEDIA FACILITIES Working areas and requirements of the media and press PLAYERS'' AREA AND CHANGING ROOM Facilities for players, referees and team officials STADIUM ADMINISTRATION Essential functional rooms such as stadium control room and other ancillary rooms PLANNING PRINCIPLES A listing of essential regulations and recommendations for the construction of spectator facilities PRE-DIMENSIONING AND CIRCULATION Shedding light on the relationship between circulation systems and holding capacity THE MODULOR "EN" The definiton of a typical stadium spectator as an anthropometric minimum standard and contractually binding reference size for the planning and construction of spectator stands PHYSIOLOGY OF VIEWING An evaluation of visual acuity, spatial perception and visual angle zones based on an examination of the human eye LAYOUT TYPES AND UNDULATION Defining geometrical families and explaining the geometrical context of ground plans and of inclination profiles for grandstands PRINCIPLES OF SIGHTLINE CALCULATION A methodical approach to determine optimized sightline profiles for places of congregation INCLINATION AND "POLYGONAL TRANSFORMATION" The optimization of viewing conditions by means of maximum slope and "polygonal transformation" of an eye-point curve PARAMETER STUDIES Geometrical relations between the sightline parameters eye-point height, tread width, C value and distance of the "first row" PLAYING FIELDS A summary of the major sports types and relevant dimensions as a means to determine the minimum distance of a grandstand SECURING OF THE PLAYING FIELD The role of the "first row" and securing of the stadium interior toward the grandstand ADAPTABLE STADIA Structural conversion of modern sports and event facilities in the light of multifunctional utilization LIGHT AND ARCHITECTURE Light orchestration and media-compatible floodlightning for event venues NATURAL VERSUS ARTIFICIAL TURF Shedding light on a question of faith and the current technological status of developments for the playing field THE PLANNING OF SIGNIFICANT ROOF STRUCTURES An overview of structural systems for fast orientation GRANDSTAND PROFILES OF BUILT EXAMPLES A comparison of the stadia for FIFA World Cup 2006 (TM)in Germany FINAL EVALUATION AND COMPENDIUM An assessment summary of the twelve German World Cup stadia and selected stadia in Korea/Japan, Portugal. Austria/Switzerland, South Africa APPENDIX