This book provides an innovative analysis of the conditions of ancient Egyptian craftsmanship in the light of the archaeology of production, linguistic analysis, visual representation and ethnographic research. During the past decades, the "imaginative" figure of ancient Egyptian material producers has moved from "workers" to "artisans" and, most recently, to "artists". In a search for a fuller understanding of the pragmatics of material production in past societies, and moving away from a series of modern preconceptions, this volume aims to analyse the mechanisms of material production in Egypt during the Middle Bronze Age (2000-1550 BC), to approach the profile of ancient Egyptian craftsmen through their own words, images and artefacts, and to trace possible modes of circulation of ideas among craftsmen in material production. The studies in the volume address the mechanisms of ancient production in Middle Bronze Age Egypt, the circulation of ideas among craftsmen, and the profiles of the people involved, based on the material traces, including depictions and writings, the ancient craftsmen themselves left and produced. Contents Sculpture Workshops: who, where and for whom? - Simon Connor The Artistic Copying Network Around the Tomb of Pahery in Elkab (EK3): a New Kingdom case study - Alisee Devillers Antiquity Bound to Modernity. The significance of Egyptian workers in modern archaeology in Egypt - Maximilian Georg Epistemological Things! Mystical Things! Towards an ancient Egyptian ontology - Amr El Hawary Centralized and Local Production, Adaptation, and Imitation: Twelfth Dynasty offering tables - Alexander Ilin-Tomich To Show and to Designate: attitudes towards representing craftsmanship and material culture in Middle Kingdom elite tombs - Claus Jurman Precious Things? The social construction of value in Egyptian society, from production of objects to their use (mid 3rd-mid 2nd millennium BC) - Christelle Mazé Faience Craftsmanship in the Middle Kingdom. A market paradox: inexpensive materials for prestige goods? - Gianluca Miniaci Leather Processing, Castor Oil, and Desert/Nubian Trade at the Turn of the 3rd/2nd Millennium BC: some speculative thoughts on Egyptian craftsmanship - Juan Carlos Moreno García Languages of Artists: closed and open channels - Stephen Quirke Craft Production in the Bronze Age. A comparative view from South Asia - Shereen Ratnagar The Egyptian Craftsman and the Modern Researcher: the benefits of archeometrical analyses - Patricia Rigault, Caroline Thomas The Representation of Materials, an Example of Circulations of Formal Models among Workmen. An insight into the New Kingdom practices - Karine Seigneau Staging Restricted Knowledge: the sculptor Irtysen's self-presentation (ca. 2000 BCE) - Andreas Stauder The Nubian Mudbrick Vault. A Pharaonic building technique in Nubian village dwellings of the early 20th Century - Lilli Zabrana

Dr. Gianluca Miniaci is Senior Researcher in Egyptology at the University of Pisa, Honorary Researcher at the Institute of Archaeology, UCL - London, and Chercheur associé at the École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris. He has held research fellowships at the British Museum, Petrie Museum, University of Salerno, and Musée du Louvre. His main publications include Rishi Coffins and the Funerary Culture of Second Intermediate Period Egypt (2011); Le lettere ai morti nell'antico Egitto (2014) and, together with Stephen Quirke and Marilina Betrò, Company of Images: Modelling the Imaginary World of Middle Kingdom Egypt (2017). He is currently editor-in-chief of the international series "Middle Kingdom Studies", GHP-London and co-director, together with Richard Bussmann of the archaeological mission at Zawyet Sultan (Menya, Egypt).