These proceedings result from the 2nd International Conference on Innovation in Art Research and Technology, Ghent, 2016, which aimed to create a bridge of communication between the many disciplinary sectors that contribute to the field of archaeometry. It brings together contributions on conservation and restoration of works of art from chemists, physicists, geologists, art historians, restorers and archaeologists.The topics addressed are amongst others: - New technological developments In vitro experimental setups and degradation mechanisms In situ experiments and mobile instrumentation Noninvasive and nondestructive analysis Imaging techniques Environmental issues on the preservation of art and archaeological objects These contributions have previously been published in the journal Applied Physics A, in Volume 122, 2016 and Volume 123, 2017.